الأربعاء، 8 يونيو 2011

NA+ - Sodium


Overview & Description

This test measures the amount of sodium that is in the blood or serum. Sodium is one of the main minerals called electrolytes that are found in the body.
Who is a candidate for the test?
If a doctor suspects one of the conditions that results from too high or too low a level of sodium, he or she may order this test.
How is the test performed?
In order to measure the amount of sodium in the blood, a blood sample is taken from a vein on the forearm or hand. First, the skin over the vein is cleaned with an antiseptic. Next, a rubber tube called a tourniquet is tied around the upper arm. This enlarges the veins in the lower arm by restricting blood flow through them. A fine needle is gently inserted into a vein, and the tourniquet is removed. Blood flows from the vein through the needle and is collected in a syringe or vial for testing in the laboratory. After the needle is withdrawn, the puncture site is covered for a short time to prevent bleeding.

Preparation & Expectations

What is involved in preparation for the test?
Normally, no preparation is required for this test.

Results and Values

What do the test results mean?
The normal value for sodium in the blood is 136 to 146 mEq/liter. Sodium must stay in this range for all the cells in the body to function properly.
Sodium can become too high because of conditions including:
  • Dehydration

  • Conditions causing excessive urination

  • Severe vomiting or diarrhea

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    • Many things can cause the sodium to become too low including:
  • Diuretics, also called water pills

  • Kidney disease

  • Uncontrolled diabetes

  • Congestive heart failure

  • Cirrhosis of the liver

  • Very high protein, triglycerides, or glucose in the blood

    • Attribution

    Author:Melinda Ratini, DO, MS
    Date Written:
    Editor:Crist, Gayle P., MS, BA
    Edit Date:06/20/02
    Reviewer:Kathleen A. MacNaughton, RN, BSN
    Date Reviewed:06/18/02
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